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The protocol designed specifically for secure data transmission over the Internet is HTTPS. This protocol is essentially an extension of HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) that incorporates a layer of security provided by SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security). This additional security protocol encrypts the data that is transmitted between the user's web browser and the web server, ensuring that any information exchanged, such as usernames, passwords, or credit card details, is protected from eavesdroppers and man-in-the-middle attacks.

In contrast, the other protocols listed do not include encryption by default. HTTP transmits data in plain text, leaving it vulnerable to interception. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files and typically does not provide secure transmission, although there is a secure version called FTPS. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending emails and, like HTTP, does not inherently secure the data during transmission unless combined with additional security measures.

Thus, HTTPS is the preferred choice for secure transactions and communication over the Internet, ensuring user privacy and data integrity.