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The term "malware" refers specifically to malicious software that is intended to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise devices, networks, or user data. This type of software encompasses a wide range of threats, including viruses, worms, spyware, ransomware, and adware, among others. The primary characteristic that unites all forms of malware is their intention to cause damage or to disrupt the normal operation of a computer system.

In the realm of cybersecurity, malware can lead to various consequences such as data theft, unauthorized access to systems, loss of sensitive information, and overall degradation of system performance. As a result, understanding malware is crucial for users and IT professionals alike since it underscores the importance of implementing robust security measures to protect devices and data from these malicious threats.

The other definitions provided do not align with the established understanding of malware. Software that enhances system performance, free software for public use, or software with no licensing restrictions all refer to legitimate software practices or categories that do not involve malicious intent.